Unlike solar photovoltaic (PV) panels, which use silicon solar cells to convert light into electricity, thermal solar panels convert energy into heat by collecting solar radiation. This heat is used to warm liquid. The lifespan of thermal solar panels is between 10 and 15 year. They are also much more space-efficient that PV panels. They are also compatible with standard boilers and immersion heaters. However, they require regular maintenance every two years.
To heat individual buildings or district heating lines, thermal solar panels are used. They are also installed on roofs. They can produce 1200 kWh/year of heat. They can also collect water.
There are many types and styles of solar panels. Some types are non-concentrating. They can gather heat from all the area surrounding them. Others, such as concentrating, collect heat from a certain area. Your climate and specific needs will influence the type of heat collector that you choose. Flat plate collectors tend to be the most common domestic collection. They are made up of an enclosure, a glass cover, and heat transfer fluid pipes. The enclosure is insulated in order to keep heat in. They are capable of withstanding temperatures of 200°C.
You should use an antifreeze solution in colder regions. This will keep the panels' surfaces from becoming clogged with deposits. A heat exchanger can be used to transfer heat from the panels to the water. You can also use a manual or automated cooling component.
Thermal solar panels are more expensive than PV panels. The panels require servicing once every two year. These services are typically minimal and don't take a lot of work. These systems are also easy to set up. Solar thermal panels are relatively inexpensive, with an average cost of between PS3,000 and PS5,000. They could also be eligible under the Renewable Heat Incentive.
The first thing you should decide when choosing a solar thermal panel is whether or not you are interested in a concentrating or non-concentrating model. Consider the heat store's size, location, heat distribution system type, and its size. You may choose to add solar panels or a solar thermal system to your existing water heating system, depending on your specific needs.
There are three types principally of solar panels: concentrating (non-concentrating), and flat plate (flat plate). Each type has different environmental and social consequences. There are also varying prices depending on the type of solar thermal system you decide to purchase. Your needs will determine how much your solar thermal system can produce. It should be able to heat between 50% and 60% of your total water heating requirements.
A solar thermal panel system can be installed for as little as PS3,000 to PS5,000 depending on the model you select. If you require a heat exchanger and an automatic cooling component, the cost will be higher. The overall water consumption rate will also impact the cost.